{"paper_id":"3439cffd-445b-488a-8816-d00d79f9bca3","body_text":"Abstract\nThe pathogenesis of benign-looking cartilaginous tissue within the peritoneum is unknown. Chondroid metaplasia of subcoelomic mesenchyme has been suggested, as has been the case for other gynecological diseases such as endometriosis, peritoneal leiomyomatosis, or gliomatosis peritonei, but has never been proven. Chondroid nodules in the peritoneum may represent either teratomatous tissue, fetal rests from a conception product, or metaplasia of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. Herein, the unique genetic characteristics of ovarian teratomas (homozygous at many polymorphic microsatellite loci) versus normal tissues (heterozygous at the same loci) were used to investigate the origin of chondroid nodules in the peritoneum. DNA samples extracted from paraffin-embedded normal peritoneal tissue and chondroid peritoneal nodules from two patients were studied. In both cases, chondroid and normal tissue showed heterozygosity at each informative microsatellite locus on different chromosomes, with a profile similar to the mother. These results indicate that peritoneal chondroid nodules arise within the peritoneum, presumably from pluripotent mesodermal stem cells, and are not related to teratomatous proliferation, or previous pregnancy. This finding shows once again the plasticity and metaplastic potential of stem cells within the peritoneal cavity.\nReferences\nGiardino L, Savoldi E, Pontieri F, Piattelli A, Tallarigo F (2006) Chondroid metaplasia in inflamed pulp tissue: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 102:e42–e45\nKohl SK, Simpson RJ, Wisecarver J (2009) Chondroid metaplasia mimicking recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Ear Nose Throat J 88:E4\nBoukas A, Joshi A, Jenkins A, Holliman D (2013) Extensive cartilaginous metaplasia of recurrent posterior fossa ependymoma: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg 49:93–98\nBedrosian SA, Goldman RL, Sung MA (1983) Heterotopic cartilage in prostate. Urology 21:536–537\nRoth E, Taylor HB (1966) Heterotopic cartilage in the uterus. Obstet Gynecol 27:838–844\nFadare O, Bifulco C, Carter D, Parkash V (2002) Cartilaginous differentiation in peritoneal tissues: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. Mod Pathol 15:777–780\nVortmeyer AO, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Li G, Mohr V, Tavassoli F, Zhuang Z (1999) Microdissection-based analysis of mature ovarian teratoma. Am J Pathol 154:987–991\nScully RE, Young RH, Clement PB (1998) Mucinous tumors in: tumors of the ovary and maldeveloped gonads, fallopian tubes and broad ligament. In: Atlas of tumor pathology, 3rd edn. AFIP, Washington DC, pp 81–105\nHegde P (2014) Extragonadal omental teratoma: a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 40:618–621\nFerguson AW, Katabuchi H, Ronnett BM, Cho KR (2001) Glial implants in gliomatosis peritonei arise from normal tissue, not from the associated teratoma. Am J Pathol 159:51–55\nDonna A, Betta PG, Bianchi V et al (1991) A new insight into the histogenesis of ‘mesodermomas’--malignant mesotheliomas. Histopathology 19:239–244\nJakubowitz O (1925) Beitrag zur klinik und histologie der adenomyosis (adenomyohyperplasie) uteri interna; berlin: Inaug Diss\nHouang M, Merkur H, Russell P (2010) Chondroid metaplasia of the peritoneum. Pathology 42:585–587\nMutsaers SE, Birnie K, Lansley S, Herrick SE, Lim C-B, Prêle CM (2015) Mesothelial cells in tissue repair and fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 6:113\nPatel RM, Weiss SW, Folpe AL (2006) Heterotopic mesenteric ossification: a distinctive pseudosarcoma commonly associated with intestinal obstruction. Am J Surg Pathol 30:119–122\nQasem SA, DeYoung BR (2014) Cartilage-forming tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 31:10–20\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEthics declarations\nConflict of interest\nThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\nElectronic supplementary material\nESM 1\n(GIF 95 kb)\nHigh Resolution Image (download TIF )\n(TIFF 4688 kb)\nESM 2\n(GIF 96 kb)\nHigh Resolution Image (download TIF )\n(TIFF 4917 kb)\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nFranceschi, T., Allias, F., Mauduit, C. et al. Chondroid nodule in the female peritoneum arises from normal tissue and not from teratoma or conception product. Virchows Arch 473, 115–119 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-018-2295-3\nReceived:\nRevised:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nVersion of record:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-018-2295-3","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}