{"paper_id":"314feca1-9ff8-4758-953b-8f7d21b0ff04","body_text":"Parameter Design and Deployment Performance Analysis of Torsion Bar in Folding Wing | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Parameter Design and Deployment Performance Analysis of Torsion Bar in Folding Wing Haizhong Huang, Chenglong Zhang, Mingze Ma, Ganlin Cheng, Huiying Liu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7026028/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract With the rapid development of aerospace technology, folding wings are increasingly used in applications such as drones, carrier-based aircraft, and missiles, owing to their superior structural flexibility and spatial adaptability.However, the design of folding control surface connections and drive systems must meet complex requirements, including large angular displacements, high torque, and low stress, which significantly increases the design's difficulty and challenges. This study,based on engineering practice, this study establishes a structural parameter design method grounded in dynamic analysis, develops a targeted program to assess the impact of real environmental factors on the deployment performance of control surfaces, and offers practical guidelines for pre-twist angle design. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of torsion bar design parameters is conducted using the perturbation method to validate the impact of different parameters on deployment performance. The proposed parameter design method and sensitivity analysis not only provide a theoretical basis for optimising folding control surface torsion bar drive systems but also offer practical guidance for predicting and improving product performance. The research findings will contribute to enhancing the precision and reliability of folding control surface designs, promoting their application in the aerospace field, and have both academic and engineering significance. Folding wing Deployable mechanism Driving torsion bar Parameters design Sensitivity analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-7026028\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":549276883,\"identity\":\"ea9c7d29-2b19-4e78-b4c6-bbe4512e64ae\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Haizhong Huang\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Nanjing University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Haizhong\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Huang\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":549276884,\"identity\":\"a245db64-7819-4897-988c-6a40349989ab\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"Chenglong 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Wing\",\"fulltext\":[],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":true,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":true,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research 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significantly increases the design's difficulty and challenges. This study,based on engineering practice, this study establishes a structural parameter design method grounded in dynamic analysis, develops a targeted program to assess the impact of real environmental factors on the deployment performance of control surfaces, and offers practical guidelines for pre-twist angle design. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of torsion bar design parameters is conducted using the perturbation method to validate the impact of different parameters on deployment performance. The proposed parameter design method and sensitivity analysis not only provide a theoretical basis for optimising folding control surface torsion bar drive systems but also offer practical guidance for predicting and improving product performance. The research findings will contribute to enhancing the precision and reliability of folding control surface designs, promoting their application in the aerospace field, and have both academic and engineering significance.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"Parameter Design and Deployment Performance Analysis of Torsion Bar in Folding Wing\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2025-11-28 18:19:43\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7026028/v1\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"10d221a0-460b-46e2-8787-2f8659c86aab\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"November 28th, 2025\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"posted\",\"subjectAreas\":[],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2026-01-09T08:25:05+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":[],\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2025-11-28 18:19:43\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v1\",\"identity\":\"rs-7026028\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-7026028\",\"identity\":\"rs-7026028\",\"version\":[\"v1\"]},\"buildId\":\"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}