{"paper_id":"2501791d-bcff-48ec-8d19-63cd4abe0842","body_text":"Formation and fluid-driven transformation of accessory Zr–Th–U and REE minerals from the Markersbach highly evolved aluminous A-type granite, Erzgebirge, Germany: The mobilisation and reprecipitation of rare lithophile elements in an F-rich environment | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Formation and fluid-driven transformation of accessory Zr–Th–U and REE minerals from the Markersbach highly evolved aluminous A-type granite, Erzgebirge, Germany: The mobilisation and reprecipitation of rare lithophile elements in an F-rich environment Martin Ondrejka, Hans-Jürgen Förster, Maëlys Bévan, Pavel Uher, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8097457/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Mineralogy and Petrology → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The Markersbach granite (Erzgebirge/Krušné Hory, Germany) is a late Variscan, post-collisional, highly evolved, autometasomatically altered high-F, low-P aluminous A-type granite. It ranges from fine-grained leucosyenogranite to coarse-grained biotite monzogranite, characterised by low deformation and a typical magmatic quartz–feldspar–mica assemblage. Accessory minerals include abundant zircon, thorite and topaz, rare xenotime-(Y) and chernovite-(Y), extremely rare monazite-(Ce), synchysite-(Y) enriched in thorbästnasite component, synchysite-(Ce), and fluocerite-(Ce). Biotite commonly hosts annular radiohaloes developed around Th-rich zircon and thorite. These consist of Th-rich, metamict cores surrounded by a clay-rich alteration zone and a non-stoichiometric Th–Y–Si rim and may locally include goethite (± limonite) rim. Their textures reflect alpha-recoil damage and localised element redistribution. The dimensions of the haloes and mineral compositions indicate radiation damage controlled predominantly by the ²³²Th decay chain. Zircon and thorite form complex Zr(Hf)–Th(U)–Y(REE) solid-solution series and commonly exhibit strong metamictisation, hydration and fluorination (≤ 6.8 wt.% F in thorite, ≤ 3.8 wt.% F in zircon, ≤ 1.1 wt.% F in xenotime-(Y)). Zircon and thorite are the principal hosts of immobile Th, whereas U is largely sequestered in secondary pyrochlore, with variable U removal from the granite suggesting post-magmatic U mobility and partial loss. Yttrium-rich fluorite I and fluocerite-(Ce) are major Ca–F carriers. Interaction with late fluids promoted dissolution–reprecipitation, producing Y-poor fluorite II, synchysite-(Y), sporadic Ca 0.5 Th 0.5 F 3 micro-inclusions in re-equilibrated fluocerite-(Ce), and locally destabilising monazite-(Ce). Rare chernovite-(Y) and As-bearing zircon–thorite assemblages indicate involvement of oxidising, As-rich fluids. The evolution of REE–Y–Zr–Th–U mineral phases records both the highly fractionated, halogen-enriched, P-poor parental melt and subsequent subsolidus fluid-mediated re-equilibration, resulting in multi-stage HFSE redistribution within the granite. zircon–thorite fluoride rock-fluid interaction A-type granite Markersbach Erzgebirge Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Mineralogy and Petrology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 27 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 13 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 16 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 15 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Nov, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 20 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 19 Nov, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 13 Nov, 2025 First submitted to journal 12 Nov, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-8097457\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":551069958,\"identity\":\"fc045d30-0015-4ff0-8107-681e42992fc3\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Martin 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accessory Zr–Th–U and REE minerals from the Markersbach highly evolved aluminous A-type granite, Erzgebirge, Germany: The mobilisation and reprecipitation of rare lithophile elements in an F-rich environment\",\"fulltext\":[],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":false,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":true,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":true,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"mineralogy-and-petrology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"mipe\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [Mineralogy and Petrology](http://link.springer.com/journal/710)\",\"snPcode\":\"710\",\"submissionUrl\":\"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/710/3\",\"title\":\"Mineralogy and Petrology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":true,\"editorialSystem\":\"em\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"Springer Hybrid\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":false},\"keywords\":\"zircon–thorite, fluoride, rock-fluid interaction, A-type granite, Markersbach, Erzgebirge\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8097457/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8097457/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eThe Markersbach granite (Erzgebirge/Krušn\\u0026eacute; Hory, Germany) is a late Variscan, post-collisional, highly evolved, autometasomatically altered high-F, low-P aluminous A-type granite. It ranges from fine-grained leucosyenogranite to coarse-grained biotite monzogranite, characterised by low deformation and a typical magmatic quartz\\u0026ndash;feldspar\\u0026ndash;mica assemblage. Accessory minerals include abundant zircon, thorite and topaz, rare xenotime-(Y) and chernovite-(Y), extremely rare monazite-(Ce), synchysite-(Y) enriched in thorb\\u0026auml;stnasite component, synchysite-(Ce), and fluocerite-(Ce). Biotite commonly hosts annular radiohaloes developed around Th-rich zircon and thorite. These consist of Th-rich, metamict cores surrounded by a clay-rich alteration zone and a non-stoichiometric Th\\u0026ndash;Y\\u0026ndash;Si rim and may locally include goethite (\\u0026plusmn;\\u0026thinsp;limonite) rim. Their textures reflect alpha-recoil damage and localised element redistribution. The dimensions of the haloes and mineral compositions indicate radiation damage controlled predominantly by the \\u0026sup2;\\u0026sup3;\\u0026sup2;Th decay chain. Zircon and thorite form complex Zr(Hf)\\u0026ndash;Th(U)\\u0026ndash;Y(REE) solid-solution series and commonly exhibit strong metamictisation, hydration and fluorination (\\u0026le;\\u0026thinsp;6.8 wt.% F in thorite, \\u0026le; 3.8 wt.% F in zircon, \\u0026le; 1.1 wt.% F in xenotime-(Y)). Zircon and thorite are the principal hosts of immobile Th, whereas U is largely sequestered in secondary pyrochlore, with variable U removal from the granite suggesting post-magmatic U mobility and partial loss. Yttrium-rich fluorite I and fluocerite-(Ce) are major Ca\\u0026ndash;F carriers. Interaction with late fluids promoted dissolution\\u0026ndash;reprecipitation, producing Y-poor fluorite II, synchysite-(Y), sporadic Ca\\u003csub\\u003e0.5\\u003c/sub\\u003eTh\\u003csub\\u003e0.5\\u003c/sub\\u003eF\\u003csub\\u003e3\\u003c/sub\\u003e micro-inclusions in re-equilibrated fluocerite-(Ce), and locally destabilising monazite-(Ce). Rare chernovite-(Y) and As-bearing zircon\\u0026ndash;thorite assemblages indicate involvement of oxidising, As-rich fluids. The evolution of REE\\u0026ndash;Y\\u0026ndash;Zr\\u0026ndash;Th\\u0026ndash;U mineral phases records both the highly fractionated, halogen-enriched, P-poor parental melt and subsequent subsolidus fluid-mediated re-equilibration, resulting in multi-stage HFSE redistribution within the granite.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"Formation and fluid-driven transformation of accessory Zr–Th–U and REE minerals from the Markersbach highly evolved aluminous A-type granite, Erzgebirge, Germany: The mobilisation and reprecipitation of rare lithophile elements in an F-rich environment\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2025-11-27 18:16:11\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8097457/v1\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0},{\"type\":\"decision\",\"content\":\"Revision requested\",\"date\":\"2026-01-27T12:04:36+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvitedReview\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2026-01-13T15:30:44+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvitedReview\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2025-12-16T14:03:39+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvitedReview\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2025-12-15T11:50:36+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"7025546681414613232912105831262507770\",\"date\":\"2025-12-02T09:35:58+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"14752680731690990028934831516377853910\",\"date\":\"2025-12-01T11:51:19+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"119936743058925567524348051216372593091\",\"date\":\"2025-11-24T11:59:38+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewersInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2025-11-20T13:36:14+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorAssigned\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2025-11-19T13:01:41+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"checksComplete\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2025-11-14T00:50:58+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"submitted\",\"content\":\"Mineralogy and Petrology\",\"date\":\"2025-11-12T14:30:31+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"mineralogy-and-petrology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"mipe\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [Mineralogy and Petrology](http://link.springer.com/journal/710)\",\"snPcode\":\"710\",\"submissionUrl\":\"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/710/3\",\"title\":\"Mineralogy and Petrology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":true,\"editorialSystem\":\"em\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"Springer Hybrid\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":false}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"811187bd-35b0-4c14-9f00-b286928c1d97\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"November 27th, 2025\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"published-in-journal\",\"subjectAreas\":[],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2026-04-07T16:14:26+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":{\"articleIdentity\":\"rs-8097457\",\"link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-026-00981-1\",\"journal\":{\"identity\":\"mineralogy-and-petrology\",\"isVorOnly\":false,\"title\":\"Mineralogy and Petrology\"},\"publishedOn\":\"2026-04-01 15:59:59\",\"publishedOnDateReadable\":\"April 1st, 2026\"},\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2025-11-27 18:16:11\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"10.1007/s00710-026-00981-1\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-026-00981-1\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v1\",\"identity\":\"rs-8097457\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-8097457\",\"identity\":\"rs-8097457\",\"version\":[\"v1\"]},\"buildId\":\"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}