{"paper_id":"236b8ce7-b46d-49d6-a618-65e6d94c9b96","body_text":"Atmospheric-cold plasma (ACP) performance on coliform inactivation, dehydration and functional properties in powder form materials (wheat flour and whey protein isolate) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Atmospheric-cold plasma (ACP) performance on coliform inactivation, dehydration and functional properties in powder form materials (wheat flour and whey protein isolate) Majid Soleimani, Oon-Doo Baik This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2310085/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study was conducted to determine the performance of atmospheric plasma on powder form biological materials including wheat flour (WF) and whey protein isolate (WP). Coliform bacteria inactivation and optimization were performed based on a central composite design with two variables, namely residence time and mass of the sample. The results indicated that both variables had significant effect on bacterial inactivation with more importance of residence time compared to mass of the substrate. Drying process was conducted for selected conditions including mild, moderate, and extreme conditions. The results indicated that plasma can be even used as a fast and effective tool for drying biological materials. Among all models used in this study, Henderson-Pabis model was more suitable in predicting the dehydration kinetics of both materials. Drying rate constants obtained using this model indicated that the ratios of residence time over mass of the material did not have a significant impact on this parameter. Analysis of the functional properties revealed that water absorption can be highly (≈ 70%) enhanced in WF. However, properties such as oil absorption (in WF and WP), protein solubility and emulsifying activity index (EAI) as well as stability (in WP) were slightly changed by the plasma treatment. Plasma treatment coliform bacteria drying kinetics absorption quality attributes Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-2310085\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":155466830,\"identity\":\"52bf7f13-f182-4080-b47a-dc17ad69b59f\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Majid Soleimani\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Saskatchewan\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Majid\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Soleimani\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":155466831,\"identity\":\"47bde2a2-ed6d-48c1-b1d3-3adbb61c7a06\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"Oon-Doo Baik\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLACHiA2YGBsZvgA4xGthXEGiVoYmJl5iNHCz957gOFNhQ2DOfvhZmPbtjp5+Z4DjB9+4NEi2XMugXHOmTQGy57E5uTctsOGG842MEv24NFicCPH/Ddv22EGgwOJzYdz2w4wbuBnYMPrOKAWA2awlvMPmw9bttXZz+9nYGP8Q5SWG0CHMbYxJzacbWBjxmeLZM8ZA5BfeCxnPGw27Dl3OHnDmYPN0jJ4tPCz9xiAQkzOnD/9scSPsjrb+T3JBz++waMFBpBdwthAhIZRMApGwSgYBfgAANxpSJiE5Zf9AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Saskatchewan\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Oon-Doo\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Baik\",\"suffix\":\"\"}],\"badges\":[],\"createdAt\":\"2022-11-24 17:14:22\",\"currentVersionCode\":1,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2310085/v1\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2310085/v1\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":30707954,\"identity\":\"4c7b4141-77e3-4057-a686-fe445ba2b3cc\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2022-12-23 09:59:50\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":453551,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"ACPwheatflourandwheyproteinisolateV1.2.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2310085/v1_covered.pdf\"},{\"id\":29716758,\"identity\":\"c24b5053-355a-4027-9ed2-87f55d096fa9\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2022-11-30 12:54:20\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":447893,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"ACPwheatflourandwheyproteinisolateV1.2.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2310085/v1_covered.pdf\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"No competing interests reported.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"Atmospheric-cold plasma (ACP) performance on coliform inactivation, dehydration and functional properties in powder form materials (wheat flour and whey protein isolate)\",\"fulltext\":[],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":true,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":true,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"Plasma treatment, coliform bacteria, drying, kinetics, absorption, quality attributes\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2310085/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2310085/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eThis study was conducted to determine the performance of atmospheric plasma on powder form biological materials including wheat flour (WF) and whey protein isolate (WP). 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