{"paper_id":"1f8bc34c-9db9-4380-83d8-156ad81fec5a","body_text":"Study on microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of AISI 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Joint by high frequency pulse K-TIG welding | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Study on microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of AISI 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Joint by high frequency pulse K-TIG welding Zhihai Dong, Ye Tian, Tingting Hao, YiWen Li, Junyan Miu, XinYing Cui, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3424718/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this study, high frequency pulse K-TIG was used to weld AISI 444 ferritic stainless steel (FSS) with a thickness of 6 mm, and the welding process window was determined, and complete penetration was achieved in the state of single pass autogenous welding. The influence law of technological parameters and weld appearance was analyzed. The microstructure characteristics of weld zone (WZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) was analyzed. Finally, the mechanical properties of welded joints are evaluated. It is found that the thermal conductivity of FSS is large, so the welding process window is relatively narrow, and the welding heat input determines whether the weld can achieve complete penetration. The second phase, such as σ phase, χ phase and Laves phase, is precipitated in WZ and HAZ phases. At the crystal boundary, the σ phase and χ phase appears, while the Laves phase is dispersed in the intragranular and crystal boundary. In addition, NbC isfound in the HAZ. The brittle-hard phase and coarse grain have great influence on tensile properties and impact toughness at room temperature. The tensile strength of the weld is equivalent to 70.57% of the parent material, which is 596 MPa. Its average impact toughness value is 29.7J, which is equivalent to 43.04% of the BM. Although the strength and toughness of FSS joints welded with high-frequency pulse K-TIG are lower than that of BM, the welding efficiency is significantly improved, and it is suitable for components with slightly lower load requirements. High frequency pulse K-TIG Ferritic stainless steel Microstructure characteristics Mechanical property Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Oct, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 17 Oct, 2023 Editor invited by journal 15 Oct, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 11 Oct, 2023 First submitted to journal 10 Oct, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-3424718\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":240885378,\"identity\":\"27074363-5036-4c15-97e5-e5220bcdff88\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Zhihai Dong\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Inner Mongolia Metal Material Research 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The influence law of technological parameters and weld appearance was analyzed. The microstructure characteristics of weld zone (WZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) was analyzed. Finally, the mechanical properties of welded joints are evaluated. It is found that the thermal conductivity of FSS is large, so the welding process window is relatively narrow, and the welding heat input determines whether the weld can achieve complete penetration.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe second phase, such as σ phase, χ phase and Laves phase, is precipitated in WZ and HAZ phases. At the crystal boundary, the σ phase and χ phase appears, while the Laves phase is dispersed in the intragranular and crystal boundary.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eIn addition, NbC isfound in the HAZ. The brittle-hard phase and coarse grain have great influence on tensile properties and impact toughness at room temperature. The tensile strength of the weld is equivalent to 70.57% of the parent material, which is 596 MPa. Its average impact toughness value is 29.7J, which is equivalent to 43.04% of the BM. Although the strength and toughness of FSS joints welded with high-frequency pulse K-TIG are lower than that of BM, the welding efficiency is significantly improved, and it is suitable for components with slightly lower load requirements.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"Study on microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of AISI 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Joint by high frequency pulse K-TIG welding\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2023-10-19 09:38:31\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3424718/v1\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2023-10-17T11:56:56+00:00\",\"index\":0,\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewersInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2023-10-17T11:44:59+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvited\",\"content\":\"Welding in the World\",\"date\":\"2023-10-15T06:33:41+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorAssigned\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2023-10-12T02:43:58+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"submitted\",\"content\":\"Welding in the World\",\"date\":\"2023-10-11T02:41:48+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"welding-in-the-world\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"witw\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [Welding in the World](https://www.springer.com/journal/40194)\",\"snPcode\":\"40194\",\"submissionUrl\":\"https://www.editorialmanager.com/witw/\",\"title\":\"Welding in the World\",\"twitterHandle\":\"\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":true,\"editorialSystem\":\"em\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"Springer Hybrid\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":false}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"f334e016-fd8c-4fc6-9e08-bc68a5d0f6a2\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"October 19th, 2023\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"under-review\",\"subjectAreas\":[],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2023-11-16T18:12:15+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":[],\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2023-10-19 09:38:31\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v1\",\"identity\":\"rs-3424718\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-3424718\",\"identity\":\"rs-3424718\",\"version\":[\"v1\"]},\"buildId\":\"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}