{"paper_id":"1c7c6f66-8fce-4832-911c-af3e5d03b85e","body_text":"ECR 2016 / C-1192\nAdenomyosis and MRI: What you need to know and be aware of\nThis poster is published under an open license. Please read the disclaimer for further details.\nCongress:\nECR 2016\nPoster Number:\nC-1192\nType:\nEducational Exhibit\nKeywords:\nPelvis, MR, Diagnostic procedure, Education and training\nAuthors:\nL. I. R. Agostinho1, R. Cruz2, A. Guerra3, M. J. M. Barata3, A. Setubal1; 1Lisbon/PT, 2Loures/PT, 3Lisboa/PT\nDOI:\n10.1594/ecr2016/C-1192\nLearning objectives\nThe purpose of our poster is to:\nIllustrate the usual and unusual MRI appearances of adenomyosis,\nmain differential diagnosis and associated conditions.\nDemonstrate the pitfalls which one must be aware of.\nBackground\nAdenomyosis is a common benign gynecological disorder defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium.\nIt is a disease of the archimetra or inner myometrium and results from infiltration of the basal endometrium into the underlying myometrium,\nwith subsequent hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth muscle.\nClinical diagnosis is usually not possible because of the nonspecific nature of symptoms,\nsuch as dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia and the frequent coexistence of other pelvic diseases.\nTransvaginal ultrasonography and MRI are the main radiologic tools...\nFindings and procedure details\n1.\nPATHOLOGY\nHistopathological criteria for the diagnosis includes the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue within the myometrium located 2.5 mm beyond the endometrial-myometrial junction (Fig. 1).\nOn gross pathology there is (Fig. 2):\nA usually firm,\nenlarged and globular uterus.\nHypertrophy of myometrial smooth muscle.\nEtopic endometrium,\ndilated endometrial glands and cysts/haemorrhage.\n2.\nMRI FEATURES\nAdenomyosis appears as a thickening of the junctional zone forming an ill-defined area of low signal intensity,\nfrequently with bright foci on T2-weighted images.\nIt is mainly located in the...\nConclusion\nMRI represents an accurate evaluation tool for adenomyosis not only for its diagnosis but also for detecting associated pathologies.\nIt can be recommended for the diagnosis of adenomyosis when associated pathologies are suspected.\nItis important to recognizethe usual and unusualcharacteristics of adenomyosis and be aware of some pitfalls in order to make a correctdiagnosis.\nReferences\n[1] Leyendecker G,\nKunz G,\nNoe M,\nHerbertz M and Mall G (1998) Endometriosis: a dysfunction and disease of the archimetra.\nHuman Reproduction Update 4,752–762.\n[2] Benagiano G,\nHabiba M,\nBrosens I (2012) The pathophysiology of uterine adenomyosis: an update.\nFertility and Sterility 98,\n572-579.\n[3] Bazot M,\nCortez A,\nDarai E,\nRouger J,\nChopier J,\nAntoine J,\nUzan S (2001) Ultrasonography compared with magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of adenomyosis: correlation with histopathology.\nHuman Reproduction 16,\n2427-2433.\n[4] Levy G,\nDehaene a,\nLaurent...","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}