{"paper_id":"17f5ff61-4e41-4c1c-aca7-e520194b10d0","body_text":"Document Type : Original Article\nAuthors\n1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 1 Furen Road, Fuqing 350399, China.\n2 Physical Examination Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China.\n3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China.\nAbstract\nBackground: miR-196b-5p was found to be significantly reduced in endometriosis, but its function and the mechanisms involved remained unclear.\nObjective: To explore the effect of miR-196b-5p on manipulating macrophage phenotype and the underlying mechanisms in endometriosis\nMethods: The endometriosis mice and End1/E6E7 cells were used for in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. QRT-PCR was used to detect miR-196b-5p, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), high mobility group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1), and CCL2 expressions. Western blot was used to detect SOCS1 and HMGA1 protein levels while luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the interaction between miR-196b-5p and SOCS1/ HMGA1. ELISA was used to measure CCL2, IL-10, and IL-6 levels and immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry were used to examine CD86 and CD206 expressions.\nResults: Significantly reduced levels of miR-196b-5p, and increased levels of SOCS1, HMGA1, and CCL2 were observed in the ectopic endometrium of mice with endometriosis. The miR-196b-5p mimic significantly reduced the lesion size, increased M1 macrophages, and decreased M2 macrophages in the ectopic endometrium of mice with endometriosis. End1/E6E7 cells transfected with miR196b-5p mimic significantly increased M1 macrophages, decreased M2 macrophages and reduced the migration in PMA-treated THP1 cells. Conversely, transfection with a miR-196b-5p inhibitor led to the opposite outcomes. miR-196b-5p targeted SOCS1/HMGA1, and miR-196b-5p inhibitor significantly up-regulated CCL2 and IL-10, and down-regulated IL-6 levels in End1/E6E7 cells. These effects were markedly reversed by si-SOCS1/si-HMGA1.\nConclusion: miR-196b-5p elevates M1 macrophages and decreases M2 macrophages in endometriosis, possibly by targeting SOCS1/ HMGA1. This research may provide a novel insight into the pathological mechanisms of endometriosis.\nKeywords","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}