{"paper_id":"13043dba-9a0e-46ea-8e3e-df67b9352bc5","body_text":"Abstract\nBladder endometriosis causes urinary symptoms including frequency, dysuria, cyclic haematuria and non-urinary pain symptoms. To our knowledge, the association of bladder endometriosis with urinary incontinence has not been described. We present the first case of bladder endometriosis that caused urinary symptoms including mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). A 34-year-old nulliparous woman was referred to our urogynaecology clinic with a 18-month history of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). A diagnosis of bladder endometriosis was performed on the basis of symptoms and imaging. The patient refused surgery and dienogest was prescribed. At the 12-month follow-up, all endometriosis-related symptoms and questionnaire scores had significantly improved, and there was resolution of the abnormal urodynamic findings. In reproductive-aged women suffering pain symptoms, bladder endometriosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of urinary incontinence and treatment with dienogest may lead to improvement of both urinary and pain symptoms.\nReferences\nFerrero S, Biscaldi E, Luigi Venturini P, Remorgida V (2011) Aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of bladder endometriosis. Gynecol Endocrinol 27:337–340\nGabriel B, Nassif J, Trompoukis P, Barata S, Wattiez A (2011) Prevalence and management of urinary tract endometriosis: a clinical case series. Urology 78:1269–1274\nSerati M, Cattoni E, Braga A, Uccella S, Cromi A, Ghezzi F (2013) Deep endometriosis and bladder and detrusor functions in women without urinary symptoms: a pilot study through an unexplored world. Fertil Steril 100:1332–1336\nPossover M (2014) Pathophysiologic explanation for bladder retention in patients after laparoscopic surgery for deeply infiltrating rectovaginal and/or parametric endometriosis. Fertil Steril 101:754–758\nConsent\nWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.\nConflicts of interest\nDr Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore and Dr Simone Ferrero did not report any potential conflicts of interest; Dr Stefano Salvatore had a financial relationship (lectures, member of advisory boards and/or consultant) with Pfizer Inc and Astellas.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nLeone Roberti Maggiore, U., Ferrero, S. & Salvatore, S. Urinary incontinence and bladder endometriosis: conservative management. Int Urogynecol J 26, 159–162 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-014-2487-6\nReceived:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-014-2487-6","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}