{"paper_id":"0e89f6d6-7493-49ac-a36b-308727b33a01","body_text":"Primary Umbilical Endometriosis in a 52-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report\nDOI:\nhttps://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v5i4.53Keywords:\nUmbilical Endometriosis, Villar's Nodules, Umbilical Mass, Extensive Excision, Case Reports.Abstract\nPrimary umbilical endometriosis is an exceptionally rare extragenital manifestation often misdiagnosed due to its clinical similarity to other umbilical masses, especially in patients without prior pelvic surgery. This study aims to analyze the diagnostic process and surgical intervention effectiveness in a perimenopausal patient. A qualitative descriptive case study was conducted on a 52-year-old woman selected via purposive sampling. Data were gathered through longitudinal clinical documentation, including medical history, physical examination, and radiological evaluations (ultrasound and CT scans), confirmed by histopathological reports. Results identified a 3.16 × 3.37 × 2.8 cm hypoechoic solid mass with peripheral vascularization and increased post-contrast density, manifesting as cyclic bleeding. Management through wide excision successfully achieved total removal, with histopathology confirming umbilical endometriosis and no recurrence during a one-year follow-up. This study concludes that primary umbilical endometriosis should be a primary differential diagnosis for umbilical masses presenting with cyclic bleeding. Its practical contribution emphasizes integrating imaging with histopathological confirmation as the gold standard, highlighting wide excision as a definitive therapeutic modality for optimal clinical outcomes and prevention of recurrence\nReferences\nAl Wattar, B. H., Fisher, M., Bevington, L., Talaulikar, V., Davies, M., Conway, G., & Yasmin, E. (2021). Clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and quality assessment study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 106(8), 2436–2446. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab232\nAshindoitiang, J. A., Nwagbara, V. I. C., Ugbem, T. I., Ukam, J. S., & Asuquo, M. E. (2024). Umbilical nodule, a rare presentation of primary cutaneous endometriosis: Case report and literature review. Rare Tumors, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/20363613241285148\nBala, M., Catena, F., Kashuk, J., De Simone, B., Gomes, C. A., Weber, D., Sartelli, M., Coccolini, F., Kluger, Y., Abu-Zidan, F. M., Picetti, E., Ansaloni, L., Augustin, G., Biffl, W. L., Ceresoli, M., Chiara, O., Chiarugi, M., Coimbra, R., Cui, Y., … Moore, E. E. (2022). Acute mesenteric ischemia: Updated guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery. World Journal of Emergency Surgery, 17(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-022-00443-x\nCain, N., Bahrami, S., Masamed, R., Dave, H., & Patel, M. (2021). The implants no woman wants: A multimodality review of endometriosis. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, 50(6), 848–858. https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpradiol.2021.06.002\nDuralde, E. R., Sobel, T. H., & Manson, J. E. (2023). Management of perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms. BMJ, 382, e072612. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072612\nHa, D. L., Yang, M. Y., Shin, J. O., Kim, H. S., Ko, H. C., Kim, B. S., & Kim, M. B. (2021). Benign umbilical tumors resembling Sister Mary Joseph nodule. Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology, 15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179554921995022\nHirata, T., Koga, K., & Osuga, Y. (2020). Extra-pelvic endometriosis: A review. Reproductive Medicine and Biology, 19(4), 323–333. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12340\nHordiychuk, A., & Mehanna, D. (2022). Spontaneous rupture of splenic artery pseudoaneurysm. Journal of Surgical Case Reports, 2022(12), rjac604. https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjac604\nLukac, S., Schmid, M., Pfister, K., Janni, W., Schäffler, H., & Dayan, D. (2022). Extragenital endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of non-gynecological diseases. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 119(20), 361–367. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0176\nMartinelli, C., Vidali, A., Di Chiara, F., Mazzarotti, G., El Messaoudi, S., Alfano, L., Ercoli, A., & Giordano, A. (2025). Endometriosis: A cancer-mimicking disease and the need for a translational perspective. Annals of Research in Oncology, 5(2), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.48286/aro.2025.107\nMontagna, D., & Ruggiero, R. (2023). The common origin of multicellularity and cancer: Lessons from the fossil record perspectives and hypotheses. Organisms: Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(2), 43–69. https://doi.org/10.13133/2532-5876/18130\nMsc, A. (2022). Laparoscopy and endometriosis. [Research Report/Thesis]. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33842.02241\nObrycka, P., Soczynska, J., Gawelczyk, W., Tomecka, P., & Mozdziak, P. E. (2024). Endometriosis – Hormones and treatment. Medical Journal of Cell Biology, 12(2), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2024-0008\nSacchetti, F., Alsina, A. C., Morganti, R., Innocenti, M., Andreani, L., Muratori, F., Scoccianti, G., Totti, F., Campanacci, D. A., & Capanna, R. (2021). Re-excision after unplanned excision of soft tissue sarcoma: A systematic review and metanalysis. Journal of Orthopaedics, 25, 244–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2021.05.022\nSagay, I., Taiwo, A. E., Bolarinwa, T., Akomolafe, O. O., & Oparah, S. (2022). Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning through advanced image analysis. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 3(3), 692–698. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2022.3.3.692-698\nSchmidt, V. F., Masthoff, M., Czihal, M., Cucuruz, B., Häberle, B., Brill, R., Wohlgemuth, W. A., & Wildgruber, M. (2021). Imaging of peripheral vascular malformations — Current concepts and future perspectives. Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40348-021-00132-w\nSiva Achanna, K., & Nanda, J. (2022). Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding. Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 14(3), 324–330. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-2065\nSoo, T. H., Ganapragasam, M., Suppiah, S., & Bahari, N. (2024). Evaluating umbilical masses: Lessons learned from three elderly patients. Cureus, 16(9), e67667. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.67667\nSun, Q., Tang, L., & Zhang, D. (2023). Molecular mechanisms of uterine incision healing and scar formation. European Journal of Medical Research, 28(1), 485. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01485-w\nTariq, M. D., Hamza, H. M., Ahsan, A., Sarfraz, T., Malik, M. M., Aneeqa, S., Awan, A. A., Kunwar, D., & Iftikhar, H. (2025). Unveiling documentation deficiencies: A clinical audit of histopathology request forms at a tertiary care hospital. Annals of Medicine & Surgery, 87(4), 2000–2005. https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000003038\nTsagkaris, C., Tagarakis, G., Loudovikou, A., & Zannetos, S. (2025). European trauma policy: A systematic review of European Union institutions and legislation addressing orthopedic surgery and traumatology during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. World Medical and Health Policy, 17(4), 775–790. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.70041\nWong, M. C. (2021). Ultrasound-based assessment and management of postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial polyps. Journal of Medical Ultrasound, 29(4), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.4103/JMU.JMU_142_21\nDownloads\nPublished\nIssue\nSection\nLicense\nCopyright (c) 2026 Ismu Nugroho\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}