{"paper_id":"0e33cff9-d6be-44ca-9cd4-e1f1ca2412cb","body_text":"Tracking four-dimensional atomic evolution of single nanocatalysts throughout the life cycles | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Tracking four-dimensional atomic evolution of single nanocatalysts throughout the life cycles Jihan Zhou, Jisheng Xie, Zhiheng Xie, Dijin Jiang, Shiyun Li, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8803890/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Understanding catalyst dynamics requires tracking three-dimensional atomic-scale structural evolution through full catalytic cycles. However, directly visualizing this process for individual nanocatalysts has not been achieved. Here we develop four-dimensional (4D) electrocatalytic atomic-resolution electron tomography to precisely track the 3D atomic rearrangements of individual Pd-Pt nanoparticles throughout the electrochemical cycles. We quantify the atomic dynamics and confirm two key evolutionary stages, surface reconstruction and atom leaching, corroborating with the voltage-dependent behaviors. By quantifying facet-dependent chemical short-range order and redistribution, we identify a competition between two driving forces: the electrochemical potential driving leaching and the surface energy driving inward diffusion, which dictates the final anisotropic structure. These findings demonstrate that 4D atomic perspectives are essential to decipher degradation mechanisms and to rationally design durable catalysts. The methodology offers a general platform for visualizing atomic dynamic processes at solid-liquid interfaces, opening new opportunities across materials science, catalysis, and nanotechnology. Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Techniques and instrumentation/Characterization and analytical techniques Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials for energy and catalysis/Electrocatalysis Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files movieS1.mp4 Supplementary Movie 1 movieS4.mp4 Supplementary Movie 4 4DecAETsuppv11260121.pdf SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION movieS3.mp4 Supplementary Movie 3 movieS2.mp4 Supplementary Movie 2 movieS5.mp4 Supplementary Movie 5 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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