{"paper_id":"0aa3304a-6b54-4eb7-984e-1181fca3116e","body_text":"This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary.\nFramework for Assessing Infrastructure Resilience: System Dynamics Modeling of Water and Wastewater Architectures\nAbstract\nWater and wastewater systems are critical infrastructure serving growing urban populations, yet their increasing complexity and technological integration make them vulnerable to diverse operational disruptions and emerging threats. The absence of standardized frameworks for evaluating different system architectures limits the ability to assess, compare, and enhance infrastructure resilience. This study presents a system dynamics framework that enables systematic translation and evaluation of different water and wastewater systems and architectures. This study developed and validated the framework using four architectures: SWAT: Secure Water Treatment Testbed), SWRO: SWRO desalination plant, the Wastewater Treatment Plant, and the Center Water: Water Management Testbed. Six critical failure scenarios were examined: baseline operations, raw water shortage, supply demand imbalances, storage tank leakage, sensor failures, and flow delays. Results demonstrate significant performance variations across architectures, with convergence times ranging from 23-83 minutes and a baseline of 19 liters/minute. The water and wastewater system performance, reliability, efficiency, and resilience are functions of the conceptual and architectural design. This study provides water utility managers and policymakers with a systematic tool for resilience assessment and offers cybersecurity researchers a systems-thinking methodology for investigating infrastructure vulnerabilities.\nSupplementary Material\nFile (wastewater_research_framework.pdf)\n- Download\n- 4.20 MB\nInformation & Authors\nInformation\nVersion history\nCopyright\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License\nKeywords\nAuthors\nMetrics & Citations\nMetrics\nArticle Usage\n320views\n112downloads\nCitations\nDownload citation\nTaiwo Peter Akinremi, Jacques Bou Abdo, Hazem Said.\nFramework for Assessing Infrastructure Resilience: System Dynamics Modeling of Water and Wastewater Architectures. Authorea. 18 September 2025.\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175822527.78283213/v1\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175822527.78283213/v1\nIf you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.\nFor more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu.","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}