{"paper_id":"08214d51-cf62-4fed-9d95-75d6655be6c3","body_text":"Research on the Origin of HumansThe Discovery of Human, Dinosaur, and Monkey Footprint Fossils on the Coast of Juehua Island in Western Liaoning, China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Biological Sciences - Article Research on the Origin of HumansThe Discovery of Human, Dinosaur, and Monkey Footprint Fossils on the Coast of Juehua Island in Western Liaoning, China Chunhua Jin This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9093502/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In 2023, Jin Chunhua, a teacher at Liaoning Technical University, first discovered a fossil track assemblage of humans, dinosaurs, their nests, monkeys, and other animals on the coast of Juehua Island, Xingcheng, western Liaoning Province, China. Subsequently, she led a research team to the island to conduct preliminary photographic documentation, measurements, and replication of the 3D models trackways. Preliminary identification and analysis revealed that the tracks included those of humans, dinosaurs, and primates. The rock strata preserving the tracks exhibited characteristics of a palaeo-coastal tidal flat. Taxonomic attribution and locomotor patterns were determined mainly based on evidence，including the geometric outlines, dimensional parameters, plantar pressure distributions, and stratigraphic positions of the tracks. Human tracks consisted of adults and children, both shod and unshod, exhibiting standing, walking, and running behaviors. Dinosaur tracks included theropods, sauropods, and a newly discovered webbed-footed morphotype. Primate tracks resembled the hand and footprints of macaques. Traces indicative of advanced civilizations were also present, such as depictions of humans riding horses, stone tools, and boat anchors. Studies of the track-bearing coastal strata and the overstep structures in western Liaoning showed that a common geological event occurred in the track-bearing coastal area and western Liaoning during the Early Cretaceous. The tracks on the Juehua Island coast are closely related to the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning. The discovery and study of these fossil tracks confirmed that human ancestors coexisted with dinosaurs. Human civilization was far more advanced than that of contemporaneous dinosaurs and primates, indicating that humans did not evolve from primates. Thus, the discovery of fossil tracks on Juehua Island, western Liaoning, China, provides important clues for research on human origins, human civilization and history, dinosaur evolution, classification, and extinction, as well as the origin and evolution of animals. Biological sciences/Evolution/Palaeontology Biological sciences/Evolution/Speciation Biological sciences/Evolution/Archaeology Biological sciences/Evolution/Cultural evolution Juehua Island Human origins Human footprints Fossils Dinosaurs Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. The author declares no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-9093502\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Biological Sciences - Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":606330864,\"identity\":\"0e534050-a3f4-4cc5-9623-ea0e5610a252\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Chunhua Jin\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACNvb+7z8+8PyTY2NmPvjgAzFa+HgOGEjOkDlgzM/Olmw4gxgtchIOBtIcNgcSZ/bzmEnzEOUwCYYEY4acO4kbDvN8A2qxk9NtIKRFuuFAcsGZZ8YbDvNuA2pJNjY7QEiLzMGGwzN7mGWhWg4kbiOoRSKZsZn3HzMj0GHPbucQpyWNmZmH57DizGYetmoborTwnGFjnMGTZszPzGZsOMOACL/It/ewMXzgsZFj4z/88MWXCjs5glrQgAFpykfBKBgFo2AU4AAAfFlA0qaB+oMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Liaoning Technical University\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Chunhua\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Jin\",\"suffix\":\"\"}],\"badges\":[],\"createdAt\":\"2026-03-11 10:57:23\",\"currentVersionCode\":1,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9093502/v1\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9093502/v1\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":105035226,\"identity\":\"bba8217f-9a29-4565-851d-9ae2c5c9bfa8\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2026-03-20 07:25:41\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":4202651,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"Article File\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"2026224.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9093502/v1_covered_8d59e425-f155-4b21-8448-aed84027ab23.pdf\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"There is \\u003cb\\u003eNO\\u003c/b\\u003e Competing Interest.\\nThe author declares no competing interests.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"Research on the Origin of HumansThe Discovery of Human, Dinosaur, and Monkey Footprint Fossils on the Coast of Juehua Island in Western Liaoning, China\",\"fulltext\":[],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":true,\"hideJournal\":true,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":true,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"Juehua Island, Human origins, Human footprints, Fossils, Dinosaurs\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9093502/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9093502/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"In 2023, Jin Chunhua, a teacher at Liaoning Technical University, first discovered a fossil track assemblage of humans, dinosaurs, their nests, monkeys, and other animals on the coast of Juehua Island, Xingcheng, western Liaoning Province, China. Subsequently, she led a research team to the island to conduct preliminary photographic documentation, measurements, and replication of the 3D models trackways. Preliminary identification and analysis revealed that the tracks included those of humans, dinosaurs, and primates. The rock strata preserving the tracks exhibited characteristics of a palaeo-coastal tidal flat. Taxonomic attribution and locomotor patterns were determined mainly based on evidence，including the geometric outlines, dimensional parameters, plantar pressure distributions, and stratigraphic positions of the tracks. Human tracks consisted of adults and children, both shod and unshod, exhibiting standing, walking, and running behaviors. Dinosaur tracks included theropods, sauropods, and a newly discovered webbed-footed morphotype. Primate tracks resembled the hand and footprints of macaques. 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