{"paper_id":"07581935-ded2-47aa-bf21-54b01e43b552","body_text":"The Study of Laccase Immobilization Optimization and Stability Improvement on CTAB-KOH Modified Biochar | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Study of Laccase Immobilization Optimization and Stability Improvement on CTAB-KOH Modified Biochar Zhaobo Wang, Dajun Ren, Shan Jiang, Hongyan Yu, Yaohui Cheng, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Aug, 2021 Read the published version in BMC Biotechnology → Version 2 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract Background : Although laccase has a good catalytic oxidation ability, free laccase shows a poor stability. Enzyme immobilization is a common method to improve enzyme stability and endow the enzyme with reusability. Adsorption is the simplest and common method. Modified biochar has attracted great attention due to its excellent performance. Results: In this paper, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-KOH modified biochar (CKMB) was used to immobilize laccase by adsorption method (laccase@CKMB). Based on the results of the single-factor experiments, the optimal loading conditions of laccase@CKMB were studied with the assistance of Design-Expert 12 and response surface methods. The predicted optimal experimental conditions were laccase dosage 1.78 mg/mL, pH 3.1 and 312 K. Under these conditions, the activity recovery of laccase@CKMB was the highest, reaching 61.78 %. Then, the CKMB and laccase@CKMB were characterized by TGA, FT-IR, XRD, BET and SEM, and the results showed that laccase could be well immobilized on CKMB, the maximum enzyme loading could reach 57.5 mg/g. Compared to free laccase, the storage and pH stability of laccase@CKMB was improved greatly. The laccase@CKMB retained about 40 % of relative activity (4 ℃, 30 days) and more than 50 % of relative activity at pH 2-6. In addition, the laccase@CKMB indicated the reusability up to 6 reaction cycles while retaining 45.1 % of relative activity. Moreover, the thermal deactivation kinetic studies of laccase@CKMB showed a lower k value (0.00275 min -1 ) and higher t 1/2 values (252.0 min) than the k value (0.00573 min -1 ) and t 1/2 values (121.0 min) of free laccase. Conclusions: We explored scientific and reasonable immobilization conditions of laccase@CKMB, and the laccase@CKMB possessed relatively better stabilities, which gave the immobilization of laccase on this cheap and easily available carrier material the possibility of industrial applications. Biotechnology and Bioengineering laccase modified biochar immobilization optimization stability improvement Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Full Text Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Aug, 2021 Read the published version in BMC Biotechnology → Version 2 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 21 Jun, 2021 Reviews received at journal 11 Jun, 2021 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Jun, 2021 Reviews received at journal 09 Jun, 2021 Reviewers agreed at journal 23 May, 2021 Reviewers invited by journal 20 May, 2021 Editor assigned by journal 20 May, 2021 Editor invited by journal 20 May, 2021 Submission checks completed at journal 20 May, 2021 First submitted to journal 06 May, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-151978\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"archivedVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2021-01-25 19:13:08\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true}}],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":28235094,\"identity\":\"ed302291-9faa-4a2c-bf0b-254a3728c138\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Zhaobo Wang\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Zhaobo\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Wang\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235095,\"identity\":\"77c273e5-9e1f-4e32-a99b-afcff4bc2383\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"Dajun Ren\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAqklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAwdApA0PP38DaVrSZCRnHCBaC5g8bGPQkECkDr6DB9g+fNxxnseA4QDjh485RGiRPHCAeebMM7d5zJkbmCVnbiNCiwFQCzNv220ey4YDbMy8RGv523aOx+BAAilaGNsOkKAF5BfG3rZkHskZB5uJ8wvfjQPMDD/b7Oz5+ZsPfvhIjBYGifMfoCzGBmLUAwHx6WQUjIJRMApGLAAAB/85YAX3TuIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Dajun\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Ren\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235096,\"identity\":\"30b8da87-6fc5-433d-a4f3-47f3516c62c5\",\"order_by\":2,\"name\":\"Shan Jiang\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Shan\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Jiang\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235097,\"identity\":\"5537a9d9-6e56-4ac1-bbb9-87e876a0a223\",\"order_by\":3,\"name\":\"Hongyan Yu\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Hongyan\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Yu\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235098,\"identity\":\"ef48e142-a886-4538-9887-82f081640209\",\"order_by\":4,\"name\":\"Yaohui Cheng\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Yaohui\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Cheng\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235099,\"identity\":\"b08fd40c-b1a4-42dd-9969-959c45d5d1d6\",\"order_by\":5,\"name\":\"Shuqin Zhang\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Shuqin\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Zhang\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235100,\"identity\":\"89b7b5e4-e778-4bba-88ef-0817641dfaff\",\"order_by\":6,\"name\":\"Xiaoqing Zhang\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Xiaoqing\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Zhang\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":28235101,\"identity\":\"3524d16b-3536-4585-8140-a5f5b9d00e50\",\"order_by\":7,\"name\":\"Wangsheng Chen\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Wuhan University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"submittingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Wangsheng\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Chen\",\"suffix\":\"\"}],\"badges\":[],\"createdAt\":\"2021-01-20 22:28:19\",\"currentVersionCode\":2,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[{\"content\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00709-3\",\"type\":\"published\",\"date\":\"2021-08-05T15:07:17+00:00\"}],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":9513028,\"identity\":\"81fe92b9-9981-4336-a266-f6282c41ee7f\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"Figure 1\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":8774,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"The TGA curve of CKMB and laccase@CKMB.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig1.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/efa4a8193c5f6dd575e77179.png\"},{\"id\":9513031,\"identity\":\"3c59e5eb-e94e-4878-9c0b-f5481c36fe3e\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":2,\"title\":\"Figure 2\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":20578,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"(a) The FTIR spectra of FL, CKMB and laccase@CKMB. (b) XRD patterns of CKMB and laccase@CKMB.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig2.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/c366e6d7103dda0350597cca.png\"},{\"id\":9513035,\"identity\":\"91174949-240b-4e3b-81cf-1d785b9aad4a\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:59\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":3,\"title\":\"Figure 3\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":461761,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"(a) The pore size distribution of CKMB. (b) The N2 adsorption-desorption curve of CKMB. Scanning electron micrograph of (c and d) CKMB, (e and f) laccase@CKMB.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig3.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/166ae3b1e23704151fa86694.png\"},{\"id\":9513037,\"identity\":\"6926fbd6-eed5-4160-b6fc-bb5443d5f608\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:59\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":4,\"title\":\"Figure 4\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":28003,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"The effect of (a) laccase dosage, (b) pH and (c) temperature on the immobilization effect.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig4.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/679b435ca7b28048d2050464.png\"},{\"id\":9513178,\"identity\":\"ce7a3dd0-e2fc-41d6-84d0-3e5701fae91e\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:18:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":5,\"title\":\"Figure 5\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":216403,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"(a) The effect of laccase dosage (A) and pH (B) on the immobilization effect. (b) The effect of laccase dosage (A) and temperature (C) on the immobilization effect. (c) The effect of pH (B) and temperature (C) on the immobilization effect.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig5.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/dd3d5c1e6044175ad02c3e73.png\"},{\"id\":9513176,\"identity\":\"a14c1b61-74ba-4602-b56c-de898cca6c6e\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:18:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":6,\"title\":\"Figure 6\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":34089,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"(a) Storage stability of free laccase and laccase@ZIF-67. (b) The pH sability of FL and laccase@CKMB. (c) Reusability of laccase@CKMB.\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig6.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/fc24dc91fb3199ceb0d88e29.png\"},{\"id\":9513033,\"identity\":\"52b1ba7f-1a33-4d12-9c5f-3405cc32cb15\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":7,\"title\":\"Figure 7\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":41726,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"(a) Thermostability of FL and laccase@CKMB. (b) Thermal deactivation kinetics fitting curve and thermal tolerance of FL and laccase@CKMB (333 K).\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig7.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/ff9f6381a995fc57a9b4806a.png\"},{\"id\":9513393,\"identity\":\"f0511902-713d-4c4b-96df-7cd4dcabb88b\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:21:58\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":8,\"title\":\"Figure 8\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":9201,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"The fitting curve of standard enzyme solution (BSA).\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Fig8.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2/abf6bc993cf35c96cc33c27e.png\"},{\"id\":13635722,\"identity\":\"5c6ef5ff-c450-4ca5-b64f-836fd60ff558\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-09-17 08:38:16\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":1345447,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Manuscript5.14.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2_covered.pdf\"},{\"id\":9513404,\"identity\":\"0f5e5a6c-954e-4c7e-966e-7bbc54f753ec\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2021-05-24 15:22:14\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":1336943,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"Manuscript5.14.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-151978/v2_covered.pdf\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"No competing interests reported.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eThe Study of Laccase Immobilization Optimization and Stability Improvement on CTAB-KOH Modified Biochar\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"fulltext\":[{\"header\":\"Full Text\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eDue to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"}],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":false,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":true,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":false,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"bmc-biotechnology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"bbit\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [BMC Biotechnology](http://bmcbiotechnol.biomedcentral.com/)\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bbit/default.aspx\",\"title\":\"BMC Biotechnology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"BMC_series\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"em\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"BMC Series\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"laccase, modified biochar, immobilization optimization, stability improvement\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eBackground\\u003c/strong\\u003e: Although laccase has a good catalytic oxidation ability, free laccase shows a poor stability. Enzyme immobilization is a common method to improve enzyme stability and endow the enzyme with reusability. Adsorption is the simplest and common method. Modified biochar has attracted great attention due to its excellent performance. \\u003c/p\\u003e\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eResults: \\u003c/strong\\u003eIn this paper, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-KOH modified biochar (CKMB) was used to immobilize laccase by adsorption method (laccase@CKMB). Based on the results of the single-factor experiments, the optimal loading conditions of laccase@CKMB were studied with the assistance of Design-Expert 12 and response surface methods. The predicted optimal experimental conditions were laccase dosage 1.78 mg/mL, pH 3.1 and 312 K. Under these conditions, the activity recovery of laccase@CKMB was the highest, reaching 61.78 %. Then, the CKMB and laccase@CKMB were characterized by TGA, FT-IR, XRD, BET and SEM, and the results showed that laccase could be well immobilized on CKMB, the maximum enzyme loading could reach 57.5 mg/g. Compared to free laccase, the storage and pH stability of laccase@CKMB was improved greatly. The laccase@CKMB retained about 40 % of relative activity (4 ℃, 30 days) and more than 50 % of relative activity at pH 2-6. In addition, the laccase@CKMB indicated the reusability up to 6 reaction cycles while retaining 45.1 % of relative activity. Moreover, the thermal deactivation kinetic studies of laccase@CKMB showed a lower k value (0.00275 min\\u003csup\\u003e-1\\u003c/sup\\u003e) and higher t\\u003csub\\u003e1/2\\u003c/sub\\u003e values (252.0 min) than the k value (0.00573 min\\u003csup\\u003e-1\\u003c/sup\\u003e) and t\\u003csub\\u003e1/2\\u003c/sub\\u003e values (121.0 min) of free laccase. \\u003c/p\\u003e\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eConclusions:\\u003c/strong\\u003e We explored scientific and reasonable immobilization conditions of laccase@CKMB, and the laccase@CKMB possessed relatively better stabilities, which gave the immobilization of laccase on this cheap and easily available carrier material the possibility of industrial applications.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"The Study of Laccase Immobilization Optimization and Stability Improvement on CTAB-KOH Modified Biochar\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":2,\"date\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:56\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-151978/v2\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0},{\"type\":\"decision\",\"content\":\"Major revision\",\"date\":\"2021-06-21T13:47:57+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvitedReview\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-06-11T18:04:22+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"0c284ef1-cfed-4629-8a71-f79a88841504\",\"date\":\"2021-06-09T18:19:20+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvitedReview\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-06-09T08:42:34+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewerAgreed\",\"content\":\"87091bca-1e51-4b7b-b683-2939ebc02a82\",\"date\":\"2021-05-24T03:19:21+00:00\",\"index\":\"hide\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"reviewersInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-05-21T03:58:13+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorAssigned\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-05-21T03:50:26+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-05-20T12:05:33+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"checksComplete\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2021-05-20T11:55:34+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"submitted\",\"content\":\"BMC Biotechnology\",\"date\":\"2021-05-06T13:02:49+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"bmc-biotechnology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"bbit\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [BMC Biotechnology](http://bmcbiotechnol.biomedcentral.com/)\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bbit/default.aspx\",\"title\":\"BMC Biotechnology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"BMC_series\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"em\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"BMC Series\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"1f747470-b3dc-4df9-9ff7-8b76da2c96eb\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"May 24th, 2021\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"published-in-journal\",\"subjectAreas\":[{\"id\":4526421,\"name\":\"Biotechnology and Bioengineering\"}],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2021-08-22T15:25:36+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":{\"articleIdentity\":\"rs-151978\",\"link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00709-3\",\"journal\":{\"identity\":\"bmc-biotechnology\",\"isVorOnly\":false,\"title\":\"BMC Biotechnology\"},\"publishedOn\":\"2021-08-05 15:07:17\",\"publishedOnDateReadable\":\"August 5th, 2021\"},\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2021-05-24 15:15:56\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"10.1186/s12896-021-00709-3\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00709-3\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v2\",\"identity\":\"rs-151978\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-151978\",\"identity\":\"rs-151978\",\"version\":[\"v2\"]},\"buildId\":\"rHA-KDH7Qsr4HCuvH75dn\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}