{"paper_id":"02583122-488e-4ed8-a11d-57f9bdbf6e3f","body_text":"The pathophysiology of endometriosis is underpinned by a complex interplay of inflammatory processes that are responsible for the local and systemic effects of the condition. Recent studies delve further into this inflammatory interplay; using animal models, they identify potential therapeutic tools and remind us to look beyond the endometriotic lesions.\nKey advances\n-\nIn studies exploring the potential therapeutic value of a long-acting antibody directed against IL-8 (AMY109), the size of endometriotic lesions and extent of adhesions and fibrosis was reduced in a syngeneic model of endometriosis established in cynomolgus macaques3.\n-\nResearchers have suggested a mechanism by which Fusobacterium infection in the endometrium might be causative of endometriosis; pre-clinical studies using a syngeneic mouse model of endometriosis demonstrate that treatment with antibiotics reduces the severity of disease in Fusobacterium-infected animals7.\n-\nAn increase in soma size was observed in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus and hypothalamus of microglial cells in a mouse model of endometriosis; these results are suggestive of generalized glial cell activation and have ramifications for how we understand chronic pain and other neurological issues in endometriosis10.\nThis is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution\nAccess options\nAccess Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals\nGet Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription\n27,99 € / 30 days\ncancel any time\nSubscribe to this journal\nReceive 12 print issues and online access\n176,64 € per year\nonly 14,72 € per issue\nBuy this article\n- Purchase on SpringerLink\n- Instant access to the full article PDF.\n39,95 €\nPrices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout\nReferences\nSaunders, P. T. K. & Horne, A. W. Endometriosis: etiology, pathobiology, and therapeutic prospects. Cell 184, 2807–2824 (2021).\nTaylor, H. S., Kotlyar, A. M. & Flores, V. A. Endometriosis is a chronic systemic disease: clinical challenges and novel innovations. Lancet 397, 839–852 (2021).\nNishimoto-Kakiuchi, A. et al. A long-acting anti-IL-8 antibody improves inflammation and fibrosis in endometriosis. Sci. Transl. Med. 15, eabq5858 (2023).\nSikora, J., Smycz-Kubańska, M., Mielczarek-Palacz, A. & Kondera-Anasz, Z. Abnormal peritoneal regulation of chemokine activation–the role of IL-8 in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 77, e12622 (2017).\nKlaus, T. & Deshmukh, S. pH-responsive antibodies for therapeutic applications. J. Biomed. Sci. 28, 11 (2021).\nAmerican Society for Reproductive. Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis: 1996. Fertil. Steril. 67, 817–821 (1997).\nMuraoka, A. et al. Fusobacterium infection facilitates the development of endometriosis through the phenotypic transition of endometrial fibroblasts. Sci. Transl. Med. 15, eadd1531 (2023).\nUzuner, C., Mak, J., El-Assaad, F. & Condous, G. The bidirectional relationship between endometriosis and microbiome. Front. Endocrinol. 14, 1110824 (2023).\nZhu, H. et al. Noteworthy perspectives on microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders. J. Neuroinflammation 20, 223 (2023).\nBashir, S. T. et al. Endometriosis leads to central nervous system-wide glial activation in a mouse model of endometriosis. J. Neuroinflammation 20, 59 (2023).\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEthics declarations\nCompeting interests\nThe author declares no competing interests.\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nGirling, J.E. Harnessing the inflammatory processes in endometriosis. Nat Rev Endocrinol 20, 69–70 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-023-00937-x\nPublished:\nVersion of record:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-023-00937-x","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}